Diabetes

Diabetes is a group of chronic metabolic disorders characterized by elevated blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia) due to the body’s defects in insulin production, insulin action, or both. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps cells absorb glucose from the bloodstream for energy. When insulin is insufficient or ineffective, glucose accumulates in the blood, leading to various health issues.

Diabetes can be diagnosed using several key tests and assessments: Fasting Blood Glucose Test, which measures blood glucose after an overnight fast. Random Blood Glucose Test, which measures blood glucose at random times of the day, regardless of when the person last ate. Hemoglobin A1c Test (HBA1C-Test), which measures the average blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months by assessing the percentage of glucose bound to hemoglobin in red blood cells. An HbA1c result of 6.5% or higher indicates diabetes, while a result between 5.7% and 6.4% indicates prediabetes.

The prognosis of diabetes largely depends on how well the condition is managed and controlled. With effective treatment and lifestyle modifications, including healthy diet and physical exercise, individuals with diabetes can lead healthy, productive lives. Regular monitoring, effective management, and support are key to optimizing long-term outcomes and minimizing